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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Buckskin Cookery&lt;/em&gt; was originally self-published by Gwen Lewis of Quesnel, British Columbia, in 1957. It consists of two volumes: &amp;ldquo;The Pioneer Section&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;The Hunter Section.&amp;rdquo; In reality these two groups overlapped greatly, as many pioneers would have acquired food by hunting. The University of Alberta Libraries has the fifth printing of Volume I, done by E.M.F. Press of Three Hills, Alberta, in June 1961, and perhaps a first printing of Volume II. Though based on life in the Fraser Valley, many of the book&amp;rsquo;s recipes and observations would have applied equally to the Prairie provinces. The recipes are simple, like &amp;ldquo;Vinegar Pie,&amp;rdquo; or use wild ingredients such as pigweed or coyote. Many of the recipes are essentially narrative, particularly those marked &amp;ldquo;Indian,&amp;rdquo; suggesting that Lewis interviewed locals and transcribed their recipes as they spoke. Indeed, Lewis&amp;rsquo;s book also points to the important overlap between native foodways and pioneer survival: rose hips provided crucial vitamin C, for example, and berries might be dried by the &amp;ldquo;Indian&amp;rdquo; method (in the sun, then stored in flour sacks) to last the winter. Pioneers modified their traditional jelly and preserves recipes to use these new ingredients. The Fort Chipewyan Historical Society&amp;rsquo;s book, &lt;em&gt;Fort Chipewyan Traditional Cookery&lt;/em&gt;, similarly suggests interplay between indigenous and settler food traditions, as in the recipe for &amp;ldquo;Beaver and Sauerkraut.&amp;rdquo; Lewis&amp;rsquo;s hints on snowshoeing, preparing Russian plaster, and killing head lice, as well as the illustrations and anecdotes that introduce some of the recipes, bring the area&amp;rsquo;s rich history to life. Lewis also drew the advertisements for the book, which include an ad for Overwaitea, at the time a B.C.-owned and -operated business that had offered &amp;ldquo;Heap Good Medicine for Housewife&amp;rdquo; since 1915. The first edition was reprinted by the Quesnel &amp;amp; District Museum in 1995.</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Inside pages from reprint of Volume 1, published by the Quesnel &amp;amp; District Museum, 1995. With permission from the Quesnel &amp;amp; District Museum and Archives, http://www.quesnelmuseum.ca/.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;This cookbook, published in four editions by the St. Josaphat&amp;rsquo;s Ladies&amp;rsquo; Auxiliary, offers a glimpse into Edmonton&amp;rsquo;s Ukrainian community through the 1940s and early '50s (this edition, the third, is probably from 1954). It includes &amp;ldquo;An Appreciation,&amp;rdquo; which thanks recipe donors (whose names are also given after their culinary contributions) and advertisers; the book also lists individuals who made cash contributions. Among the advertisements, many of which endorsed Ukrainian-owned businesses, is a notice about welfare legislation, signalling a political priority of the period. While a Ukrainian audience was almost certainly intended for this book, the recipes also include, as Elizabeth Driver points out in &lt;em&gt;Culinary Landmarks&lt;/em&gt;, dishes described as Czech, Slovakian, Hungarian, and Jewish (1031), probably the result of cultural comingling or intermarriage. But Ukrainian dishes remained an important part of ethnic identity (Zembrzycki 134&amp;ndash;35). The &amp;ldquo;National Dishes&amp;rdquo; section includes a definition for &amp;ldquo;pyrohy&amp;rdquo;&amp;mdash;surely the most popular of Ukrainian dishes in the Prairies&amp;mdash;as &amp;ldquo;a sort of filled dumpling.&amp;rdquo; Meatless perogies were commonly eaten on Friday, a day of fasting for Ukrainian Catholics. This book also includes a section called &amp;ldquo;Ukrainian Christmas Eve Dinner&amp;rdquo; and includes recipes for each of that holiday&amp;rsquo;s twelve traditional meatless dishes. Ukrainian Christmas Eve, according to the Julian calendar, falls on January 6.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Ukrainian women founded the first women&amp;rsquo;s society in Alberta, called Zoria; this group raised significant funds for the construction of St. Josaphat&amp;rsquo;s Cathedral in downtown Edmonton. In 1944, Ukrainian women united nationally to found the Ukrainian Catholic Women&amp;rsquo;s League of Canada, a group that still exists today (Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy) The social engagement of these women is clear in pencil notes about &amp;ldquo;A.M. Registration,&amp;rdquo; a &amp;ldquo;Raffel,&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;Visit of Sick,&amp;rdquo; for example, hastily written on the book&amp;rsquo;s back pastedown. In 2002, St. Josaphat&amp;rsquo;s Cathedral published another cookbook, in celebration of its centennial.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>The Blue Ribbon Company was established by George Frederick and John Galt in Winnipeg around 1897; the cousins had already established a wholesale grocery business in 1882 (Driver, &lt;em&gt;Culinary&lt;/em&gt; 928). Though the copyright for this book was apparently entered in 1905, the actual date of issue for this edition was probably around 1936. Women might have distributed the tear-out coupons to their friends and neighbours, illustrating how the company tapped into an extant community and brought them together around a common product. As in many company cookbooks, this publication includes a section for women to add their own recipes, which they usually did in messy handwriting stocked with their own abbreviations. The book also includes a section on invalid cookery, commonplace in earlier household tomes. But while older recipe books might also include home remedies for serious illnesses, late-nineteenth- and twentieth-century publications usually deferred to doctors for such medicinal treatments. Still, their invalid cookery recipes reinforced women&amp;rsquo;s continued importance as healers through food.</text>
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                <text>Clearly serving as a local business advertiser as much as a household guide, the first edition of this series was published in Vancouver around 1911&amp;ndash;13, but versions soon followed for Winnipeg, Hamilton, Toronto, and Montreal (Driver, &lt;em&gt;Culinary&lt;/em&gt; 1094). The series was retitled &lt;em&gt;The Bride&amp;rsquo;s Book&lt;/em&gt; in 1928. It highlights forgotten food products like Hudson&amp;rsquo;s Bay Tea and suggests the novelty of electric cookers and dried pasta in the early decades of the twentieth century. Elizabeth Driver ventures that the recipes may have been taken from an American source (&lt;em&gt;Culinary&lt;/em&gt;, 1082). Titles such as &amp;ldquo;Chicago Sponge Cake&amp;rdquo; seem to suggest as much, and the &lt;em&gt;San Francisco Sunday Call&lt;/em&gt; for 16 June 1912 carried the same recipe. Advertisements in &lt;em&gt;The Real Home Keeper&lt;/em&gt; also reveal concerns about germs and sanitation in this period: the Arctic Ice Company advertisement assures customers that its product is safe.</text>
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      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="25003">
              <text>photographic print</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24998">
                <text>Formal Portrait of Emily Murphy</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="24999">
                <text>Portrait of Emily Murphy from memory book</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="25000">
                <text>A formal portrait of Emily Murphy, with her signature. This image was included with her contribution a memory book created by the Edmonton Women's Press Club for a departing member.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="25001">
                <text>Miriam Green Ellis</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="25002">
                <text>emily_murphy</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="82">
        <name>Emily Murphy</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="70">
        <name>EWPC</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="73">
        <name>Famous Five</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="83">
        <name>memory book</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="14">
        <name>portrait</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
