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                <text>Medicine Hat had a vibrant Jewish community: although it numbered only about forty families, their impact on city life was substantial. As S.M. Selchen wrote in the &lt;em&gt;Canadian Jewish Chronicle&lt;/em&gt; in 1954, &amp;ldquo;This tiny Jewish island among a non-Jewish populace of over 20,000 is exceptional material for the study of Jewish stubbornness and Jewish will for survival.&amp;rdquo; He noted Medicine Hat&amp;rsquo;s popular Jewish mayor, magistrate, and librarian. In 1947, when this cookbook was published, Medicine Hat&amp;rsquo;s population was only 13,600 (&amp;ldquo;Population Data&amp;rdquo;), but the Jewish community was already well established, as evidenced by its Hadassah organization, a charitable women&amp;rsquo;s group. Similar branches in Edmonton and Winnipeg also published cookbooks. This book includes several distinctively Jewish notes, such as unleavened holiday foods, &amp;ldquo;Gefillte Fish,&amp;rdquo; and an advertisement for kosher sausage. It also features recipes for &amp;ldquo;Chicken Chow Mein&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;Spaghetti with Meat Balls,&amp;rdquo; demonstrating the popularity of &amp;ldquo;ethnic&amp;rdquo; cooking (however corrupted) by the mid-twentieth century.&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;Much about Mrs. Mary Berkner&amp;rsquo;s life is elusive. A Saskatchewan farm woman, perhaps with Hungarian roots, Berkner&amp;rsquo;s goal was to encourage Depression-era women to produce delicious food while saving money and driving down the price of sugar&amp;mdash;all through the use of homemade sugar beet syrup. Her book includes correspondence from Mrs. Ethel B. Rutter, head of the University of Saskatchewan&amp;rsquo;s school of household science, and Dr. Frank Hoffman, editor of the &lt;em&gt;Az Otthon&lt;/em&gt; Hungarian monthly, who encouraged her to publish the recipes. The recipes, named by and for Berkner and her daughters, creatively employ sugar beets in jams, coffee, and baking. Berkner adds that the sugar beet pulp, mixed with crushed oats or shorts (a by-product of milling) and mashed potatoes, makes excellent chicken feed. Whether the book&amp;rsquo;s price was twenty-five cents (as indicated on the cover) or one dollar (as indicated in the foreword), its advice is an invaluable measure of a Prairie woman&amp;rsquo;s ingenuity and enterprise.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Children&amp;rsquo;s cookbooks tend to emphasize desserts, as is especially clear in the &lt;em&gt;Kids Cookbook&lt;/em&gt; produced by the Calgary Public Library. Children submitted their favourite recipes in this juvenile community cookbook: the results include brownies, peach crisp, and other treats. &amp;ldquo;Funny Face Cupcakes,&amp;rdquo; made from a cake mix, speaks to a late twentieth-century trend for &amp;ldquo;fun food&amp;rdquo; for children. But there are some exceptions: &amp;ldquo;Tim&amp;rsquo;s Tacos&amp;rdquo; and the Chinese &amp;ldquo;Rice Dish&amp;rdquo; demonstrate children reaching beyond expectations to make meals for the whole family. The instructions hint at these children&amp;rsquo;s approach to cooking. The taco recipe prescribes few measurements, relying on experience and intuition, while the rice recipe includes references to the settings on the family stove (&amp;ldquo;Hi&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;Lo&amp;rdquo;) and an attempt at adult sentence structures (&amp;ldquo;If desired crispyness at bottom&amp;rdquo;).</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;With permission from the Calgary Public Library.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>Sold at the modest price of one dollar, this cookbook was meant as a fundraiser for Edmonton’s first Scouts group. Although Scouts have a long tradition of camp cooking, this book contains household recipes, most likely provided by the boys’ mothers. In addition to generally predictable fare, the book includes a special section of international recipes (on blue rather than white paper). While most “ethnic” recipes were contributed by women who brought only dubious cultural experience (witness Mrs. P. Yurkiw, an unlikely expert on “Eggs-Fu-Yung”), the recipes for “Turkish Pilav” and “Turkish Shish Kebab” were in fact contributed by Kumran Senturk of Ankara. The recipe for “Chinese-Style Hotdogs” also speaks to widespread adaptation of the idea of Chinese cuisine: the recipe calls for sliced hot dog wieners cooked with pineapple, soy sauce, and sauerkraut—a true hybrid!</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;With permission from Scouts Canada, Northern Lights Council.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>Published in 1954, this book was a fundraiser for the Saskatoon Academy of the Canadian Society of Laboratory Technicians, now the Saskatchewan Society of Medical Laboratory Technologists. The cover illustration oddly superimposes a chef&amp;rsquo;s hat on a microscope, demonstrating that community and fundraising cookbooks were not limited to church or after-work groups. Perhaps unsurprisingly, most of the contributors were women, and several were from the United States, suggesting a possible partnership with an equivalent American organization. This would not be the technicians&amp;rsquo; last cookbook: they produced a second fundraising volume entitled &lt;em&gt;Wheatland Bounty Cookbook&lt;/em&gt; in 1981, which ended up on the Canadian bestseller list, selling approximately 55,000 copies (Windrum). This copy&amp;rsquo;s owner clearly tried the &amp;ldquo;Workpoint Pastry&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;Pumpkin Chiffon Pie&amp;rdquo; recipes, making her own notes about ingredients, cooking times, and serving sizes.</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Private collection. With permission from the Saskatchewan Society of Medical Laboratory Technologists.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>According to the Scout Memorabilia Collectors of Canada, this edition of the &lt;em&gt;Canadian Scout Handbook &lt;/em&gt;was published in 1968. It is inscribed with the name of Cliff Lewis, who lived at 1813-17th St SW in Calgary in the early 1970s (&lt;em&gt;Henderson&amp;rsquo;s ... Calgary&lt;/em&gt;). Boy Scout groups were formed in Canada as early as 1907, and the Canadian General Council of the Boy Scout Association was incorporated by an Act of Parliament in 1914 (Scouts Canada). Camp cooking has always been a key component of scouting: a special Canadian edition of Lord Baden-Powell of Gilwell&amp;rsquo;s &lt;em&gt;Scouting for Boys&lt;/em&gt; noted that &amp;ldquo;the three B&amp;rsquo;s of life in camp are the ability to cook bannocks, beans, and bacon&amp;rdquo; (120). Laid on the ground, a Scout&amp;rsquo;s coat was a fine surface for mixing bannock dough, according to Lord Baden-Powell, while other Scouting books illustrate the process of skinning a rabbit. By the 1970s, Scout cooking was a somewhat tamer affair, with suggestions for cooking desserts, potatoes, and meats, including &amp;ldquo;Tarzan Steak&amp;rdquo; placed right on the coals. This book also has a miniature food guide, based on Canada&amp;rsquo;s 1961 Food Guide, prescribing four or more servings of milk, four or more fruits and vegetables (with one citrus fruit daily and dark green or yellow vegetables), two or more servings of meat, and four of more servings of bread products per day.</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;With permission from Scouts Canada.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>[1968?]</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Culinaria</text>
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                <text>The Girl Guides were founded in Britain in 1909, with the first Canadian unit formed in St. Catharines, Ontario, in 1910. By 1912, there were units in every province (Girl Guides, “History”). The Wascana Girl Guides were based out of Regina, the same city that boasted the Girl Guide leader who, in 1927, first baked and packaged cookies for her guides to sell as a fundraiser (Girl Guides, “Cookie History”). This book is particularly notable for its charming, hand-drawn illustrations, as featured on the cover, as well as a recipe for “Elvis Cake,” which helps us to date the book to the 1960s. Indeed, the cover is inscribed with “Strong / 66,” indicating a possible year of publication; it is certainly newer than 1961, since an advertisement for “Queen City Glass” includes that as its date of establishment. The book is “dedicated to the members of the Wascana Girl Guides—8th Company, Regina, Sask.” and lists their names.</text>
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                <text>Wascana Guides Mother's Association</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;With permission from the Girl Guides of Canada, Saskatchewan Council.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>[1966?]</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>The Royal Alexandra Cook Book</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Edmonton’s Ladies Hospital Aid, founded in 1898, paid the initial $8000 cost of opening the 25-bed Edmonton Public Hospital in 1900 (Infofile). The cornerstone was laid in 1910 for a replacement hospital, which opened in 1912. This new building, featured on the cover page, was constructed in the English Revival Style and designed by Edmonton architect Roland Lines (Herzog). It was named for Alexandra, the wife of Edward VII. Cookbooks have been a consistent fundraiser for the Ladies Aid (later renamed the Auxiliary): they produced the Royal Alexandra Book of Household Science around 1928 and another fundraising book in 1989–90. The recipes in this 1912 book are extremely compact: perhaps the editors tried to save space in order to include recipes from as many contributors as possible, or maybe they assumed an experienced readership, knowledgeable in the processes of Prairie cookery. This book also picked up extra revenue through advertisements, including what appears to be embedded advertising for Capital Flour, perhaps a product of the Regina-based Capital Flour and Feed.</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Ladies Hospital Aid of the Royal Alexandra Hospital</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;With permission from the Royal Alexandra Hospital Women's Auxiliary.&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1912</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>The Key to Prosperity in the Bread Basket of the World</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;The Canadian Northern Railway grew swiftly from its creation in 1899 to its nationalization in 1918. In the same vein as the Grand Trunk&amp;rsquo;s &lt;em&gt;Bread: Terse Stories of Success&lt;/em&gt;, the company published &lt;em&gt;The Key to Prosperity in the Bread Basket of the World&lt;/em&gt;. &amp;ldquo;The Bread Basket of the World&amp;rdquo; was a common slogan among railway and land development companies promoting the West, evoking the Prairies&amp;rsquo; potential for bountiful harvests. This potential was realized when the land was seeded with Red Fife wheat, the first variety to flourish in Canada (Musgrave 146). Marquis wheat, developed in 1909 and exemplifying excellent yield, high-quality milling, and a shorter growing period of under one hundred days, was even more successful; by 1920 it was grown on about nine-tenths of total Prairie wheat acreage (Dexter 265).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>[1911?]</text>
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                <text>This attractive brochure emphasized the CPR&amp;rsquo;s three-million&amp;ndash;acre irrigation block, located east of Calgary. Begun in the 1890s during a period of dry years, the scheme involved a series of canals that brought water to farms in the region, acting as an insurance against the weather (see CPR, &lt;em&gt;Irrigation Project&lt;/em&gt;). Contrasting the vast potential of land-owning rural life with the oppression of renting a farm or laboring in the city, the brochure encouraged settlers to find their independence as farmers. Though the CPR professed that its principal intention was to raise funds by increasing railway traffic, the sale of the land, the cost of participating in the irrigation scheme, and the opportunity to purchase services such as breaking and fencing no doubt brought in a tidy profit as well. The brochure&amp;rsquo;s final pages offer a useful snapshot of food prices in the Calgary area around 1909, with soda biscuits selling at nine cents per pound, coffee at twenty-five cents per pound, and tinned beef at twenty cents per pound or thirty-five cents for two pounds.</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="28030">
                <text>Canadian Pacific Railway Company Colonization Department</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="28031">
                <text>[1909?]</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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  </item>
</itemContainer>
