30 10 1404 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/861cbfaf49a539edcd377f32d5e74e08.jpg 6eb3abf87343df49489ac51b2e1f7be8 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/e706e4f7386914021bd0e2a6d42f4ea3.jpg 75f9c72463911ffc03fbbe283233c4a7 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/12856e5c23c5574caaab7087e34a6d8a.jpg 48d491ccac1d72feb76842fc59676441 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/b34efd9ceeb513c8ddd307edd92ddbaa.jpg 5e98a60e0ddfef5f0969b0b24fcc0976 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/fcd49d008d5cf4df89f2f2028b21e214.jpg 927214faebd1659b9ab3eee5f74662a4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Photographies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Encyclopédie Description An account of the resource The twenty-eight volumes of the Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers, par une societé de gens de lettres (also known as the Encyclopédie) was originally published in Paris between 1751 and 1772. The edition of the Encyclopédie held by Bruce Peel Special Collections was published in Geneva from 1771 to 1776. As an attempt to gather together and order all of the knowledge of the world, the <a href="https://library.wustl.edu/a-revolutionary-encyclopedia/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Encyclopédie</a> is a representative <a href="https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/renaissance-reformation/rococo-neoclassicism/rococo/a/a-beginners-guide-to-the-age-of-enlightenment" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Enlightenment</a> project (Bull 6-9). With its eleven volumes of illustrations created by copperplate <a href="https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/e/engraving" target="_blank" rel="noopener">engravings</a>, the Encyclopédie also provides an example of how illustrations could be reproduced and disseminated prior to the discovery of photography. The images and texts were printed in separate volumes since they required two different techniques for printing. One of the plates shown here portrays a print shop, and shows how such illustrations would have been created. The print has an <a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/what-is-photography">indexical</a> relationship with the inked plate, but unlike a photograph, it does not hold an indexical relationship to the thing that-is-seen in the illustration.  Another plate, captioned "Optique," explains the <a href="http://www.photographyhistoryfacts.com/photography-development-history/camera-obscura-history/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">principles of the camera obscura</a>, an enclosed box that could project the view from the outside world into its interior. The earliest photographs were created by combining the camera obscura with light-sensitive materials that could fix the view as a stable image. Note in particular the two pictures at the bottom of the page; the picture on the left demonstrates the principles of the camera obscura, while the picture on the right portrays a portable camera obscura with an added lens. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=me5ke7agyOw&t=145s" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Camera obscuras</a> like this one had been in use since at least the sixteenth century. Browse the Encyclopédie's articles and plates at the <a href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/d/did/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Encyclopedia of Diderot & d'Alembert Collaborative Translation Project</a>. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Denis Diderot (author) Jean Le Rond d'Alembert (author) Pierre Mouchon (author) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1771 43.0 x 26.0 cm AE 25 E56 1771 folio engraving Enlightenment indexical https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/57fcb3d749ab62a54883f141bada05dc.jpg bae703f856ec1917e48517b9961a8662 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource University of Alberta Basketball Team Varsity I Subject The topic of the resource Basketball Sports Description An account of the resource Photograph includes: E. Anderson, S. McLennan, E. Tharp, M. Hull, W. Martin, C.E. Rac (Coach), W. McLean. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University of Alberta Archives UAA-1979-125-002 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1918 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource University of Alberta https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/796b8cad881588d7bc891458aac8642e.jpg b4c216154f57205189f55241b5805509 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Miss. F. Stubbs, [1916-1919] Subject The topic of the resource Students Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University of Alberta Archives UAA-1973-018-023 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource [1916-1919] Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/6246c0752faa3f4b3c5ace8db1eddb99.jpg 9779ce43a2f94ce5ee70aa730b1fb5e8 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource We Are Seven Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University of Alberta Archives UAA-1970-069-010 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Subject The topic of the resource Students Description An account of the resource Photograph of seven co-eds who enrolled at the University of Alberta in 1908. According to Miss. Anderson they called themselves "S.I.S." or the Society of Independent Spinsters. https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/c43eaac75e3a038184a0e7577186c915.jpg ef89caef9191344bd3345bd851d8218f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource test https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/2e5163f4ee927af2bc951714c1a51b0e.jpg ff5f50e2c81822c1ee3f66f8040eb312 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/c526700afd84b92c7aa9d1a474cec06c.jpg dc521906fd9b6796e42b1f970f782de4 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/4caba69c0d39bc5266bd85f531139d95.jpg 013707b392641e3fc863fb3e3932133b https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/22a850b80fda241966f20a9cd2dbbfe6.jpg dadf58c369c53d1b943f48725b5e4845 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/075b74f2dc86e41615a54642b1d16a29.jpg 63c5d7dc0c90f8534d66b55c1ec9a90a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Photographies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Art of Swimming Description An account of the resource The Art of Swimming was published before the discovery of photography and includes <a href="https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/e/engraving" target="_blank" rel="noopener">engravings</a> as a means of circulating knowledge. As explained by the subtitle, the book contains "forty proper <a href="https://www.metmuseum.org/about-the-met/curatorial-departments/drawings-and-prints/materials-and-techniques/printmaking/engraving#:~:text=Engraving%20is%20an%20intaglio%20printmaking,made%20of%20copper%20or%20zinc.&text=When%20pressure%20is%20applied%2C%20the,or%20groove%20in%20the%20plate." target="_blank" rel="noopener">copper-plate cuts</a>, which represent the different postures necessary to be used in that art, with advice for bathing." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thévenot Melchisédec (author) Barth Warren Sculp (engraver) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1764 8.0 x 5.3 cm GV 837 T42 1764 engraving https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/4b3a81f19e813351a89cbd5211ab4810.jpg c6993958ea3ddbfb4e43a9aad59b12a0 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/38fbc46c754082b6b0aaf22f4f091851.jpg 82f1f2a44a8ee10e589b41d563a0ed60 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/2faf30d54ce0ed88db9f3cf44f604a7d.jpeg 19bfb2bdedb13a03f0effe4cb18e9f1f https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/84f8dc4b25dbbb0119a1ff9e2bda296a.jpeg b4dd926d7cfb34d751793e5c85e6ce9e https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/0d0b860a25021bd1ef93218d09736281.jpg 86b6aaee5202581e7c7fb8c479400f7e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Photographies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Cabinet of Paintings Description An account of the resource <a href="https://library.vicu.utoronto.ca/collections/special_collections/george_baxter/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">George Baxter</a>’s Pictorial Album; or, Cabinet of Paintings provides an example of how art reproductions circulated before the discovery of photography. Like the portraits of the Emperor and Princess of Prussia, these reproductions are made with Baxter’s <a href="https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/explore/glossary-of-art-terms/chromolithograph" target="_blank" rel="noopener">chromolithography</a> process and form part of Bruce Peel Special Collections' <a href="https://bpsc.library.ualberta.ca/collections/donald-and-barbara-cameron-collection-of-george-baxter-prints" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Cameron Collection of George Baxter Prints</a>. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource George Baxter (creator) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1837 24.5 x 18.4 cm NE 1860 B2 C33 1837 art reproduction chromolithography George Baxter https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/6ef370a91b96e434d13c53144837d031.jpg 58ef4c03bd3cc78e1d5e896531bcc9eb https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/ce5f62cc945794fbf02b701f7bcd7aa0.jpg 371f0ea08b45c5ce4ae76f7a5914454b https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/4e8dca0cd48d9ee1f763ec2d2a99f88f.jpg f7cd1c4deae823148a94e8f4e43faa93 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Photographies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Portraits of the Emperor and Princess of Prussia Description An account of the resource Around the same time as photography’s discovery, <a href="https://library.vicu.utoronto.ca/collections/special_collections/george_baxter/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">George Baxter</a> developed a process of colour printing known as <a href="https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/explore/glossary-of-art-terms/chromolithograph" target="_blank" rel="noopener">chromolithography</a>, which he patented in 1835. The portraits of the Emperor and Princess of Prussia seen here employ that process in order to create richly-coloured portraits that commemorate the powerful and the wealthy. In comparison to <a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/item/3125">daguerreotypes</a><a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/item/3125"> of middle-class patrons like that of Mrs Morrow</a>, these could be, and were intended to be, circulated widely in order to promote a public identity.  View Baxter's <a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/item/3033">Cabinet of Paintings</a>, another example of the chromolithographic process, as well as the <a href="https://bpsc.library.ualberta.ca/collections/donald-and-barbara-cameron-collection-of-george-baxter-prints" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Cameron Collection of George Baxter Prints</a>, housed in Bruce Peel Special Collections. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1855 21.0 x 16.5 cm NE 1860 B2 A7 P75 1858 (Princess Royal, Princess of Prussia) NE 1860 B2 A7 V58 1855 (Vive L'Empereur!) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource George Baxter (creator) chromolithography daguerreotype George Baxter portrait https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/bef0ada7eb860723a5c3e3ce6d58ef9a.jpg 0f4d2ab8bf6c21844037567c0d9eeb1b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Microscope (framed) https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/722e5afdbc50c30528b0abd74ce2ae46.jpg f1c07b70077a1a065e91b51308759e9a https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/0f774d0e8e6da6983227f64201e564a8.jpg f0d56eef3496747f2d2a648f38117630 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/aa36b0e55b5b97a4df8ef94842f24ce7.JPG 5fc1e8c470bf56ef24b002422e82cc36 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/5b098181d7ca10977d04220dc4ad33d6.JPG 14a1923c7d378914e19a35b8bd6aabb5 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/20a560cc3f2887f5679053722bc53700.jpg b61f78d1507f76ebc4d00883fe093671 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/4ab8ea606588192170397c5b1f9c499c.jpg 9ed34ac0856bc4aa52fe752c32e1534e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Photographies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Miscellaneous Objects as Seen With and Without the Microscope Description An account of the resource Miscellaneous Objects as Seen With and Without the Microscope predates the introduction of photography. The visual notes it contains depend entirely on the artist's ability to not only record their observations, but to also remember what was seen through the microscope when they refocused on the page.  In 1839, <a href="https://www.getty.edu/art/collection/artists/1969/william-henry-fox-talbot-english-1800-1877/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">William Henry Fox Talbot</a> speculated on the application of photography to the microscope: <blockquote>The objects which the microscope unfolds to our view, curious and wonderful as they are, are often singularly complicated. The eye, indeed, many comprehend the whole which is presented to it in the field of view; but the powers of the pencil fail to express these minutiae of nature in their innumerable details. What artist could have skill or patience enough to copy them? or granting that he [sic] could do so, must it not be at the expense of much most valuable time, which might be more usefully employed? Contemplating the beautiful picture which the solar microscope produces, the thought struck me, whether it might not be possible to cause that image to impress itself upon the paper, and thus to let Nature substitute her own inimitable pencil, for the imperfect, tedious, and almost hopeless attempt of copying a subject so intricate. (quoted in Goldberg 43)</blockquote> Compare this example to an <a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/item/3156">album of anatomical illustrations of a bee</a> from 1875, which includes photomicrographs. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource [1820] 15.8 x 9.4 cm QL 466 M58 1820 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource creator unknown daguerreotype engraving photomicrograph William Henry Fox Talbot