29 10 1402 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/157154ba2ff9382c26049c55f7eb3db3.jpg 20988739e15a4ab4dc2ec7d10a6a5fc9 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/15b97912820526117ba3ad3a136f848a.jpg 57755b4dee093f41fbd0072eee9b0c9c https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/ff5be2dd1c5f10c2f5107167fc5eb241.jpg 66220a8fd0c4118bdf7bde737c488c72 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/95218be6181fea87115607ef4feec2a0.jpg 71bf8a09e13898fbadfab9e9dd51603f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Photographies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A System of Phrenology Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource George Combe (author) J. J. Butler (engraver) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1844 19.0 x 11.3 cm BF 870 C72 1844 Description An account of the resource The title page of A System of Phrenology boasts that the volume features “upward of one hundred engravings.” Photography had been discovered by the time the book was published, but the dominant processes of the time (the <a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/item/3125">daguerreotype</a> and the calotype) did not offer an efficient or practical method of circulating knowledge alongside printed text.  The system of <a href="https://victorianweb.org/science/phrenology/intro.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">phrenology</a> described in this volume is closely related to the Victorian practice of physiognomy. Described today as pseudosciences, phrenology and <a href="https://blogs.getty.edu/iris/physiognomy-the-beautiful-pseudoscience/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">physiognomy</a> posited that an individual’s exterior features revealed aspects of their character. Later, <a href="https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/301897" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Francis Galton</a> would use photography as a tool to both investigate and circulate physiognomic principles, and Charles Darwin would use photographs to examine <a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/item/3145">human emotion</a>.  A full scan of this item is available through the <a href="https://archive.org/details/101519023.nlm.nih.gov/page/n4/mode/2up" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Internet Archive</a>. engraving https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/bf5c0a7b2f9d0a333e95de8c67be5505.jpg 75e34a2dd23bf01111d613026346ad72 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/051810e99b845b8fc0bce054c8b92852.jpg 291997264426dada9db0b650c1419c82 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/aa4112779446c181184fd4145f5a5f2f.jpg 15164d3ceee675951caa74e5b67e600b https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/c72b563196df13b1eec88c584545019f.jpg 4065831d2958b9bc0e34a5e33e12bf9e https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/26ae11f4211a80badce970c8b89a9acf.jpg eec996266f56a7d455d66113abb0dbe2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Photographies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Aurelian: A Natural History of English Moths and Butterflies Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Moses Harris (creator) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1766 38.6 x 26.0 cm QL 555 G7 H318 1766 folio Description An account of the resource The Aurelian: A Natural History of English Moths and Butterflies was created by English entomologist and artist <a href="https://wonder-cabinet.sites.gettysburg.edu/artful-nature/merian-and-her-context/moses-harris-the-aurelian-and-the-mania-for-insects-and-tulips/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Moses Harris</a>. The book’s title page explains that its pictures were “drawn, engraved and coloured from the natural subjects.” Harris’s hand-coloured engravings are remarkable, and he went on to become known as a colour theorist after publishing a <a href="https://brightonmuseums.org.uk/discover/2013/07/04/rare-copy-of-moses-harriss-natural-system-of-colours-on-display-at-the-royal-pavilion/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">treatise on colour</a> that also features hand-coloured plates. The frontispiece (the image facing the title page) features a portrait of a man, presumably representing Harris himself, offering us a tray of specimens with his left hand while pointing into a wooded landscape with his right hand. When we follow his gesture, we see the same man engaged in the labour of collecting moths and butterflies. By selecting this image as the frontispiece, Harris seems to emphasize the presence of an expert as a guide. In contrast, photographic collections of scientific specimens often have the effect of effacing the presence of their makers. For example, compare The Aurelian to an entomological album from 1875, <a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/item/3156">Anatomical Illustrations of the Bee</a>.  The copy of The Aurelian housed in Bruce Peel Special Collections and featured here is a composite of pages from the first and second editions, published in 1766 and 1778, respectively, and brought together by a previous owner. Subsequent editions were published into the nineteenth century, as can be seen from this <a href="https://archive.org/details/Aurelian00Harr/page/n5/mode/2up" target="_blank" rel="noopener">full scan of an edition of 1840</a>. The Aurelian forms part of the <a href="https://bpsc.library.ualberta.ca/collections/dr-ronald-b-madge-entomology-collection" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Dr </a><a href="https://bpsc.library.ualberta.ca/collections/dr-ronald-b-madge-entomology-collection" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ronald B. Madge Entomology Collection</a>. colour engraving entomology https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/f36f8320fa6e93c684e39f5eb8ba64aa.jpg 73dd10a3e4cde67c8d12a8fc29ae5046 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/8dfa55dd10844a7ddca574e56df8b6e9.jpg a2e7a7ca1d93971afa9503b1fe2c93ce https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/c5b27ba40716f3f904295d6f3e5a0957.jpg 138d3aec7d614dd53b6ca27034d6f1ca https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/63cf02efc63e59f0b06f70f1727ce8ec.jpg 0f2e9f964138afc99102bf3fb0bb637a https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/3bf784b77af3f258831c692fe320ec46.jpg e9e12bc858836d12138907d80a2c5e49 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Photographies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Life Magazine Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Margaret Bourke-White (photographer) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1936 21.8 x 33.6 cm AP 2 L72 v.1, no.1 1937 Description An account of the resource <a href="https://artsandculture.google.com/partner/life-photo-collection?date=1956" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Life</a> is among the most famous of the twentieth-century picture magazines, and some of the century's most <a href="https://reyherphoto.com/time-life-photojournalists-iconic-photos/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">iconic photographs</a> were published in its pages. This first issue of Life, from 1936, features a photograph by <a href="https://www.icp.org/browse/archive/constituents/margaret-bourke-white?all/all/all/all/0" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Margaret Bourke-White</a> on its cover. A full scan of this issue is available through the <a href="https://archive.org/details/Life_Magazine_v01n01_Nov_23_1936_/mode/2up" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Internet Archive</a>. Picture magazines like Life used the <a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/item/3044">halftone process</a>, which allowed photographs to be printed efficiently alongside text. Magazines began employing photo editors to create innovative and eye-catching layouts, such as the ones seen here. To consider the changing aesthetic of photojournalism, compare Life’s photographs and layout with the illustrated news report from 1868 on the <a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/item/3049">Trial of Patrick J. Whelan</a>. The <a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/circulate-knowledge/1900-to-1969">documentary photographs</a> published in Life follow a tradition of social documentary photography that emerged in the late-nineteenth century with photographers <a href="https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=91981589" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Jacob Riis</a> and <a href="http://100photos.time.com/photos/lewis-hine-cotton-mill-worker" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Lewis Hine</a>. Bourke-White took part in this tradition with her photographs documenting poverty in the American South, which were published alongside the writings of Erskine Caldwell in <a href="https://thephotographersgallery.org.uk/whats-on/exhibition/margaret-bourke-white-you-have-seen-their-faces" target="_blank" rel="noopener">You Have Seen Their Faces</a>. Around the same time that Bourke-White was photographing the American South, the American government’s <a href="https://livinghistoryfarm.org/farminginthe30s/water_14.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Farm Security Administration</a> started hiring photographers like <a href="http://100photos.time.com/photos/dorothea-lange-migrant-mother" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Dorothea Lange</a> and <a href="https://www.nga.gov/education/teachers/lessons-activities/uncovering-america/parks-photography.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Gordon Parks</a> to record the effects of the Depression in America.  Other examples of photojournalism included in this exhibition include <a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/item/3130">The Changing of the Guard</a> and <a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/item/3164">The Fight against Apartheid!</a> documentary photography halftone photojournalism https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/69f280706e0b1be0743da2e32f557663.jpg c6ae99653266512ee120dae9965d99ec https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/35eb2f84449adbeed247dfe9b73d9575.jpg 3646e27f2b9072665ff6141bf0953f06 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/3186cd17d36d6fe06863ea977032d96c.jpg 45206772d1f9f0e1e146380d4e937fd7 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/3f87c2065f725d1990345fa4ce5da63c.jpeg fc02abe467019aa520dd33bced726cc8 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/e5b59462dd879adc4bc02b0f52fab3da.jpg 067bc7708527ddffd69e41969646341f https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/8238f08709b5af89105c4db374c7ba17.jpeg 975dfbaf4b2407462f11206f7c8a3f59 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Photographies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hoffman's Novelty Circus Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource [1943] 106.7 x 35.8 cm FC 3234.2 P732 PE000407 Description An account of the resource This poster promoting Hoffman’s Novelty Circus provides an example of the <a href="https://www.ted.photographer.org.uk/photoscience_halftones.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">halftone process</a> used in advertising. Notice the grid pattern across the surface of the image, showing how dots were printed closer together or further apart to achieve different gradations of grey.  This album is part of the <a href="https://bpsc.library.ualberta.ca/collections/prairie-ephemera" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Prairie Ephemera Collection</a> housed in Bruce Peel Special Collections. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource photographer unknown halftone https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/2d55e79a34e1aa552155a2477758eb6b.jpg 5877a8154ea26bf479422f7d34306295 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/f47e7d0d180c8483619f7b2738ae422b.jpg 976e42aec822d8db4c5fcac74eca7b18 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/1af27b3371d51699980c58935a527755.jpg 2516c3ea13e57a49d853ab3c7b5e73f2 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/5b48759c3492ff8388e29e94166ea002.jpg da1dd779909feea83052c4824ed09fc2 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/218becae605f61d44959e95cb7d51a8e.jpg 5f1de473f8bf4c1c993208bfd85e8a96 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/99e73e4415896ff70b959fed673180f1.jpg 91fee8ab62137fc5f58f78393c4b0042 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/429f5fdb0bfb20ea588937bacdcdae06.jpg a1d88f65b21c2bc84280b7bf538ab188 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Photographies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Scenes from Kodachromes Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Byron Harmon (photographer) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource [1904-1942] 9.4 x 14.0 cm IA 36565 Description An account of the resource <a href="http://content.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1906503,00.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Kodachrome</a> was one of the first widely-used <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QP3uLdlAAAA&feature=emb_title" target="_blank" rel="noopener">colour films</a>, introduced by the Eastman Kodak Company in 1935. Here, Kodachrome film was used to create colourful pictures of the Canadian Rockies. Printed as <a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/item/3096">postcards</a>, the pictures were sold as souvenirs of one’s travels. They could be preserved as a set, as was the case with this particular example, or sent through the mail.  Many of the photographs taken with Kodachrome film were printed as <a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/item/3159">slides</a>. To see examples of Kodachrome slides, visit the <a href="https://www.anonymous-project.com/en" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Anonymous Project</a>. Created by Lee Schuler, the website features digitized slides that “preserve this collective memory and give a second life to the people forgotten in these timeless moments captured in stunning Kodachrome film.” colour Kodachrome postcard Rockies https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/579935d74387887fb5b744cd4651e685.jpg bcb1e7f22964d7683601f5d68a6c7d77 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/96c2e699f09c1077cb89969ac5db5f5b.jpg 682fbefd7d05f1afd0557022f5399df0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Photographies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Panoramic Photograph Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1911-1912 8.1 x 30.7 cm FC 3234.2 P732 PE000893 Description An account of the resource This panoramic photograph was created from three different prints, as we can see from the seams between the photographs. For another example of a panoramic photographic, see the <a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/item/3065">group portrait of plumbers and steamfitters</a>. This album is part of the <a href="https://bpsc.library.ualberta.ca/collections/prairie-ephemera" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Prairie Ephemera Collection</a> housed in Bruce Peel Special Collections. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource photographer unknown https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/fcb5f2103243d5c6383f9a2dc758f0f4.jpg bb06c3533453a0400afffbfefe743c22 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/f9b4de3dcc74b83bec9c4037f4388118.jpg a089765b57bcaec3ce8e0b00d3cfac0f https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/4d43bca07ae4dedb951a663af9cae6c6.jpg a8fec330b6291d730da4bd4d88bc6853 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/8b5ba3b71abbf254efade61d80b6f74c.jpg c477f9abf2deede6c866acb9823e3aca Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Photographies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Animisme et Spiritisme Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1895 21.4 x 13.0 cm BF 1262 A32 1895 Description An account of the resource The practice known as <a href="https://history.nebraska.gov/blog/spirit-photography" target="_blank" rel="noopener">spirit photography</a> pushes the limits of what we consider photographic by seeking to represent the spiritual, rather than the physical and visible, on the photographic plate. The practice of spirit photography also points towards nineteenth-century tendencies to manipulate the image—a kind of photoshop before photoshop.  Though we don’t consider a belief in spirits “scientific” today, this practice holds similarities to scientific practices that have sought to capture what is invisible to the human eye photographically, such as <a href="http://100photos.time.com/photos/wilhelm-conrad-rontgen-first-x-ray" target="_blank" rel="noopener">x-ray photographs</a> and Muybridge’s <a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/item/3153">motion photographs</a>. Of course the extent to which each of these examples is manipulated to produce an image of what was previously invisible varies. One of the most well-known nineteenth-century spirit photographers is <a href="https://thisiscriminal.com/episode-159-spiritual-developments-2-26-2021/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">William Mumler</a>, who claimed to have photographed Abraham Lincoln's ghost.   You will notice that Animisme et Spiritisme (Animism and Spiritualism) does not actually contain any photographs. Rather, it contains engravings based on photographs, attesting to the continued difficulties of printing photographs side by side with text in an efficient manner. Yet it is noteworthy that the texts framing the engravings insist on their photographic origins. A full scan of this item is available through the <a href="https://archive.org/details/animismeetspiri00sandgoog/page/n10/mode/2up" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Internet Archive</a>. Relation A related resource Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Alexandre Aksakof (author) photographer unknown engraving https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/786f2e932fac6ad7ba581e5366a64df8.jpg 1ad1d350a87e08ef2020f52cdfeb8219 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/5c2c5095816da1af5ed46f5c27b375a0.jpg 9a959289c46bb73e495aeecd4fa3a3b6 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/34690f124e903630d63bc2831dad929e.jpg 19cf618fed00dc62b612d1023a5158e4 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/d4065753ef5d67d0d79db3297b7dd733.jpg 78697514d5d8e2d8ad2d4071dd17c27e https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/45ac5275b335b7b8866902ca14936520.jpg 110326e591b83352a8bb32101d20d5a2 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/d762dd6d19f333c16133132a6003f264.jpg de836bb814599915f342f730a311486f https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/17e117a89c84ba2e3844c6863dc1c78b.jpeg e53178fe22abd2cdd2daf7188ec24a66 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Photographies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hoofs, Claws and Antlers of the Rocky Mountains by the Camera Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource A. G. Wallihan (photographer) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1894 29.5 x 26.0 cm QL 706 W21 1890 Description An account of the resource Hoofs, Claws and Antlers of the Rocky Mountains by the Camera documents a trip through the Rocky Mountains, with an emphasis on the animals encountered (and hunted) along the way. The publication provides a good example of an early use of the <a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/item/3044">halftone process</a>, which allowed photographs to be easily printed side by side with text, bringing about what historian Gerry Beegan has called “the mass image.” In its approach to photographic illustration, this publication is firmly rooted in nineteenth-century practices. This can be seen in the photograph captioned “Mr. Wallihan and his Camera,” where Mr Wallihan stands next to a large camera mounted on an even larger tripod in order to illustrate the photographer’s care and expertise. The publisher’s note informs us of the “extreme difficulty of securing first-class negatives under these conditions,” where “the photographer was rarely able to obtain the most favorable position or sunlight advantage.” As a result, not all of the photographs published here are by Mr and Mrs Wallihan: “In order to make the collection of wild animals found in the Rocky Mountains more complete, it has been necessary to use several photographs obtained by others.” These notes, as well as an introduction entitled “How We Made the Photographs,” and a title that announces the camera’s authorship (“by the Camera”), present photography as a remarkable mode of representation that requires specialized knowledge. A full scan of this item is available through the <a href="https://archive.org/details/cu31924024575205/page/n3/mode/2up" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Internet Archive</a>. Relation A related resource   halftone Rockies https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/861cbfaf49a539edcd377f32d5e74e08.jpg 6eb3abf87343df49489ac51b2e1f7be8 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/e706e4f7386914021bd0e2a6d42f4ea3.jpg 75f9c72463911ffc03fbbe283233c4a7 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/12856e5c23c5574caaab7087e34a6d8a.jpg 48d491ccac1d72feb76842fc59676441 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/b34efd9ceeb513c8ddd307edd92ddbaa.jpg 5e98a60e0ddfef5f0969b0b24fcc0976 https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/fcd49d008d5cf4df89f2f2028b21e214.jpg 927214faebd1659b9ab3eee5f74662a4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Photographies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Encyclopédie Description An account of the resource The twenty-eight volumes of the Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers, par une societé de gens de lettres (also known as the Encyclopédie) was originally published in Paris between 1751 and 1772. The edition of the Encyclopédie held by Bruce Peel Special Collections was published in Geneva from 1771 to 1776. As an attempt to gather together and order all of the knowledge of the world, the <a href="https://library.wustl.edu/a-revolutionary-encyclopedia/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Encyclopédie</a> is a representative <a href="https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/renaissance-reformation/rococo-neoclassicism/rococo/a/a-beginners-guide-to-the-age-of-enlightenment" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Enlightenment</a> project (Bull 6-9). With its eleven volumes of illustrations created by copperplate <a href="https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/e/engraving" target="_blank" rel="noopener">engravings</a>, the Encyclopédie also provides an example of how illustrations could be reproduced and disseminated prior to the discovery of photography. The images and texts were printed in separate volumes since they required two different techniques for printing. One of the plates shown here portrays a print shop, and shows how such illustrations would have been created. The print has an <a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/what-is-photography">indexical</a> relationship with the inked plate, but unlike a photograph, it does not hold an indexical relationship to the thing that-is-seen in the illustration.  Another plate, captioned "Optique," explains the <a href="http://www.photographyhistoryfacts.com/photography-development-history/camera-obscura-history/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">principles of the camera obscura</a>, an enclosed box that could project the view from the outside world into its interior. The earliest photographs were created by combining the camera obscura with light-sensitive materials that could fix the view as a stable image. Note in particular the two pictures at the bottom of the page; the picture on the left demonstrates the principles of the camera obscura, while the picture on the right portrays a portable camera obscura with an added lens. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=me5ke7agyOw&t=145s" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Camera obscuras</a> like this one had been in use since at least the sixteenth century. Browse the Encyclopédie's articles and plates at the <a href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/d/did/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Encyclopedia of Diderot & d'Alembert Collaborative Translation Project</a>. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Denis Diderot (author) Jean Le Rond d'Alembert (author) Pierre Mouchon (author) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1771 43.0 x 26.0 cm AE 25 E56 1771 folio engraving Enlightenment indexical https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/files/original/57fcb3d749ab62a54883f141bada05dc.jpg bae703f856ec1917e48517b9961a8662 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource University of Alberta Basketball Team Varsity I Subject The topic of the resource Basketball Sports Description An account of the resource Photograph includes: E. Anderson, S. McLennan, E. Tharp, M. Hull, W. Martin, C.E. Rac (Coach), W. McLean. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived University of Alberta Archives UAA-1979-125-002 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1918 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource University of Alberta