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                <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt;This portrait of Mrs Morrow provides an example of one of the first successful photographic technologies: the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="https://blog.scienceandmediamuseum.org.uk/find-out-when-a-photo-was-taken-identify-daguerreotype-photography/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;daguerreotype&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt;. The &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hPkJicTLonA&amp;amp;list=PLH_FfjHEuvR5U0Ur8rB35fezQ1yZkShMk&amp;amp;index=3" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;daguerreotype process&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;created a single positive image on a metal plate&lt;/span&gt;—meaning that there was &lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt;no negative and no possibility for further reproduction. A &lt;/span&gt;daguerreotype&lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt; is a unique and precious material object, and therefore quite different from the technologies of photography that we know today.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt;Daguerreotype exposures took a long time, with the precise amount of time depending on the available light. Sitting for a photograph was an arduous process, as the &lt;a href="https://artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/55519" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;French caricaturist Honoré Daumier has shown&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt;which is why it is rare to find smiling faces in early photographs.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt;A print published in December 1839 in Paris entitled “&lt;a href="https://www.getty.edu/art/collection/objects/46529/theodore-maurisset-la-daguerreotypomanie-daguerreotypomania-french-december-1839/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;La Daguerreotypomanie&lt;/a&gt;” (Daguerreotypomania)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt; dramatizes the excitement that ensued following the announcement of Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre and his partner Nicéphore Niépce’s discovery. The artist, Théodore Maurisset, visualizes streams of people lining up to get their portraits taken. The excitement surrounding the daguerreotype stemmed at least in part from its accessibility in comparison to painted portraits.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt;Mrs Morrow might never have expected to have her portrait painted in her lifetime. We do not know who she was, but that her likeness survives into the present offers proof that her identity was important to someone, and worth preserving. To consider how the possibility of creating photographic portraits shaped memory and identity, compare this &lt;/span&gt;portrait&lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt; of Mrs Morrow to &lt;/span&gt;chromolithographic portraits&lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;of the &lt;a href="https://omeka.library.ualberta.ca/exhibits/show/photograpies/item/3032"&gt;Emperor and Princess of Prussia&lt;/a&gt;, published in 1855.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt;Another photographic process was developed around the same time as the &lt;/span&gt;daguerreotype&lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt; by &lt;a href="https://www.sfmoma.org/watch/sun-pictures-henry-fox-talbot-and-first-photographs/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;William Henry Fox Talbot&lt;/a&gt; in Britain. The &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2zXypdzB8A&amp;amp;list=PLH_FfjHEuvR5U0Ur8rB35fezQ1yZkShMk&amp;amp;index=3" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;calotype&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt; did produce a &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="https://kodakdigitizing.com/blogs/news/history-of-negative-photography" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;negative&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt;, and therefore had the potential to create endless copies, but the resulting image was not as clear as that of the &lt;/span&gt;daguerreotype&lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt;. To compare the &lt;/span&gt;daguerreotype&lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt; to the &lt;/span&gt;calotype&lt;span style="font-weight: 400;"&gt;, consider Mrs Morrow’s portrait side by side with the work of Scottish photographers &lt;a href="https://www.nationalgalleries.org/art-and-artists/features/hill-adamson" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;David Octavius Hill and Robert Adamson&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>Dedicated to the German-Canadian housewife, this book bridges the gap between immigrant families and English-speaking Canadian society. The “Deutsch–englisches Wörter-Verzeichnis” (German–English Glossary) at the end of the book may have been especially helpful for items that the housewife might wish to order from the grocer. Despite being written in German, the book has an international flavour, with Russian, Italian, and even Chinese-inspired recipes. Though bears survive in only small numbers in Europe, and had not been spotted in Germany since the 1830s (Handwerk), “Roast Leg of Bear” appears in the cookbook—perhaps a nod to the Canadian wilderness?</text>
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                <text>Declaration of Human Rights by Lauren Emeritz</text>
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                <text>Acquired in recognition of Douglas Stollery</text>
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                <text>University of Alberta Students' Union</text>
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                <text>University of Alberta Archives&#13;
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                <text>Copyright belongs to University of Alberta Students' Union Photo directorate. </text>
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                <text>Der Salmen</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Fischbuch&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>Christoffel Froschover, 1575</text>
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                <text>Whitacker Hershall et al.  (authors)&#13;
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Ninth Biennial Report of the State Board of Fish Commissioners from Dec. 1, 1888 to Oct. 1, 1890&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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