Miscellaneous Objects as Seen With and Without the Microscope predates the introduction of photography. The visual notes it contains depend entirely on the artist's ability to not only record their observations, but to also remember what was seen…
Papillons Européens: Nocturnes, Crépusculaires, et Diurnes demonstrates a method of recording specimens that predates photography: the nature print. With a nature print, the specimen itself is used to make an impression so that, as with…